1. PPO herbicides
① Flufenacet
Flufenazim is the No. 1 product among "other PPO inhibitor herbicides" and is used to control gramineous and broad-leaved weeds on soybeans, cotton, grapes and many other crops.
② Pyrafenac
The agent is a novel contact herbicide. It is mainly used to control various broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields, and has high selectivity to cereal crops. Like diquat and mefentrazone, pyraclofen can also be used as a defoliation agent. The drug has strong contact activity and poor conduction effect. In the case of low dosage or uneven spraying in the field, it is easy to cause incomplete weed death and continued growth after turning green. Therefore, it is recommended not to promote the use of this drug alone. It should be mixed with other types of herbicides, which can not only expand the herbicidal spectrum and improve the herbicidal effect, but also effectively prevent and delay the emergence of weed resistance to it. It only has a contact killing effect on weeds and has no soil sealing effect. It is recommended to be used years before. The application period should be carried out after most of the weeds in the field have emerged, so that the efficacy of the medicine can be fully exerted after exposure to light. Do not mix with organophosphorus series agents (EC) and 2,4-D or 2M-4Cl (EC).
③ Metofen
Mefentrazone is a contact selective herbicide. Under light conditions, during the chlorophyll biosynthesis process, the inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase leads to the accumulation of toxic intermediates, thereby destroying the cell membrane of weeds and causing the leaves to quickly dry up and die. Oxyprofen is absorbed by plant leaves within 15 minutes after spraying and is not affected by rain. Weeds will show poisoning symptoms after 3-4 hours and die in 2-4 days. There is a certain relationship between the efficacy of the drug and light conditions. Good light conditions after application are conducive to the full expression of the drug effect. Cloudy days are not conducive to the normal expression of the drug effect. When the temperature is above 10℃, the weed killing speed is fast and the effect will take effect in 2-3 days. During the low temperature period, the weed killing speed will be slower when the pesticide is applied.
2. HPPD herbicides
① Ciclopyrazole
The selectivity index of cyclopyrazone between wheat and the main malignant weeds in wheat field was between 5.07 and 21.75. Therefore, cifluroxyzone can be used in wheat fields before and after emergence to control a series of gramineous weeds and broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields. It has high biological activity against a variety of malignant weeds and resistant weeds, and is safe for wheat, so it has broad application prospects in wheat fields.
② Difentrazone
Bifentrazone has the same mechanism of action as cyclopyrazone, and it is also an HPPD inhibitor. There is no cross-resistance to florasulam, tribenuron-methyl, bensulfuron-methyl and other PPO inhibitor herbicides commonly used in wheat fields, as well as hormone herbicides such as 2,4-sodium chloride and 2,4-D. It can effectively deal with resistant and multi-resistant broadleaf weeds such as wormwood, shepherd's purse, wild rapeseed, chickweed, chickweed, and wheatgrass.
③ Fluoxypyrone
Flumetrazone is the fastest growing product in this category of herbicides in recent years. Mainly used for corn, sugar beet, cereal and other crops to control broadleaf weeds and some grass weeds. It has a high control effect on large-seeded broadleaf weeds such as Echinacea, barnyard grass, small flying weeds, amaranth, tigertail grass and sage, horsetail, kochia; three-lobed ragweed, cocklebur and other large-seeded broadleaf weeds. Especially those weeds that have developed resistance to ALS inhibitors and auxin herbicides and glyphosate have excellent control effects.
3. ALS herbicides
① Monosulfuron-methyl
Monosulfuron-methyl is widely used in wheat, millet, corn, rice and other crop fields. It not only can effectively control annual broadleaf weeds, but is also safe for crops. Monosulfuron-methyl used in wheat fields can not only effectively control annual broad-leaved weeds such as Artemisia sorenzo and shepherd's purse. It can also effectively control malignant weeds in wheat fields such as alkali grass and hard grass. Monosulfuron has outstanding control effect on weeds such as alkaline grass and artemisia that seriously damage wheat in the Beijing-Tianjin area, and is safe for wheat. In addition, monosulfuron-methyl is more sensitive to Brassicaceae wild mustard, shepherd's purse, and bluegrass, Lamiaceae Dendrobium japonica, Pogaigrass, and Caryophyllaceae Leptospermia. Moderately sensitive to Chenopodiaceae Chenopodiaceae and Polygonaceae Buckwheat vines, Rubiaceae Spondylus chinensis, etc. Drought has a certain influence on the efficacy of monosulfuron-methyl. Applying the drug when the field is wet after the wheat irrigation or rainfall is conducive to the exertion of the drug effect. Wheat cultivars vary in their relative sensitivity to monosulfuron-methyl.
② Methyl iodosulfuron sodium salt
Methyl iodosulfuron sodium salt is a sulfonylurea herbicide that inhibits acetolactate synthase. It is mainly used in wheat fields to control ryegrass, wild oat, timothy and various broadleaf weeds such as chamomile and pigweed in the early post-emergence period. Iodosulfuron-methyl sodium salt is mainly used in the form of mixture. The disadvantage is that there are few iodine resources in my country, which will affect the cost.
③ Thicarbazone-methyl
Thiosulfuron-methyl is a sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicide used for pre-emergence and post-emergence treatment. Controls annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in cornfields, wheat fields and lawns. It has the characteristics of high activity, low dosage, long lasting effect, broad herbicidal spectrum, safe for gramineous crops, and can be mixed with other safeners. It has broad development and application prospects.
④ Amosulfuron-methyl
Acylsulfuron-methyl is a sulfonylurea herbicide, which can be absorbed by weeds through stems and leaves to inhibit some cell division, and the plants stop growing and die. The drug has a short residual effect in the soil and generally does not affect the growth of the next crop. It is used for the control of broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields, such as pig's weeds, Artemisia persicae, shepherd's purse, unicycles, quinoa, sorrel leaf Polygonum, flat storage, field bindweed, lettuce and so on. The drug should be applied as early as possible, and the dosage should be increased appropriately when the weed leaves are older or the weather is dry and there is no watering condition. The weed leaves stop growing after absorbing the pesticide, the leaves turn green, and then die.
⑤ Clopyrazosulfuron-methyl
Clopyrazosulfuron-methyl is a new sulfonylurea herbicide. It is mainly used to control broadleaf weeds and sedge weeds in corn, rice, wheat, sugar cane and other grassy crop fields. This agent has high efficacy, low toxicity, good selectivity, is safe for grassy crops, and has broad application prospects.
⑥ Cyprosulfuron-methyl
Ciprosulfuron-methyl is a sulfonamide herbicide whose main mechanism of action is to inhibit acetolactate synthase in weeds, thereby hindering the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids, causing cells to stop dividing, and ultimately leading to the death of weeds. Mainly used in rice, wheat, barley, and turf to control broadleaf weeds and sedge weeds such as duckweed, yuba, alisma, melon grass, oxtail, dwarf arrowhead, shepherd's purse, white mustard, etc.
⑦ Trifluoromethylsulfuron
Trifluoromethanesulfuron is an inhibitor of acetolactate synthase. This is a new sulfonylurea herbicide that can be used on winter and spring wheat and corn. It has a broad spectrum of weed control and has certain control effects on pigs.
⑧ Probesulfuron-methyl
Probesulfuron-methyl is a new sulfonylurea herbicide. It is mainly used for post-emergence stem and leaf treatment, and is used to control gramineous weeds in cereal crops such as wheat, barley, and rye, including annual weeds and some perennial weeds. Such as oats, oatmeal, windgrass, thatch, goosegrass, abila grass, bromegrass that is difficult to remove, and some broad-leaved weeds such as white chestnut and bluegrass.
4. Hormonal herbicides
① Fluclopyridine
Halauxifen-methyl is a picolinate herbicide. Haclopyralid is the first product of a new chemical class of arylpyralidic acids among synthetic auxin herbicides. It simulates the effects of high doses of natural plant growth hormones, causing overstimulation of specific auxin-regulated genes and interfering with multiple growth processes in sensitive plants. Fluclopyrid for post-emergent broadleaf weed control. Herbicides containing fluopyridine can be used for resistance management by controlling some resistant weeds, such as pigweed, chickweed and cannabis weeds. In addition, fluopyridine can be rapidly degraded by microorganisms in the environment, providing greater flexibility for subsequent crop planting. It has good control effect on amaranth retroflexus, velvetleaf, and sedge.
② Triclopyr oxyacetic acid
Triclopyr is a systemic low-toxicity herbicide of pyridineoxycarboxylic acids, also known as cap irrigation energy and triclopyr. Absorbed by the leaves and roots of the plant, and transmitted to the whole plant in the plant, causing deformity of the roots, stems, and leaves, exhaustion of stored substances, embolization or rupture of vascular bundles, and gradual death of the plant. It is suitable for weeding and irrigation before forest afforestation, maintenance of fire lines, fostering pine trees and forest stand improvement, and used for the control of broad-leaved weeds and woody plants in non-cultivated land. Poaceae plants have low susceptibility to tricloproxy and are resistant to it. It is worth noting that cloproxy is one of the herbicides with the least incidence of weed resistance in the world.
③ Amiloride
Amiloride is a synthetic hormonal herbicide (plant growth regulator). Absorbed rapidly through plant leaves and roots, induces epitropism in sensitive plants, eventually causing plant growth arrest and rapid death. Amiloride can be used to control broad-leaved weeds in rice fields and wheat fields, but has no phytotoxic effect on gramineous crops.
5. Carotenoid synthesis inhibitor herbicides
① Flupyramid
Flupyramid is mainly used for the control of various annual grass weeds and some broad-leaved weeds in corn, soybean and wheat fields. This variety is a selective contact and residual herbicide, and its mode of action is to inhibit carotenoid biosynthesis by inhibiting phytoene dehydrogenase. Compared with other pyridinamide herbicides, flupifenamide has the characteristics of high herbicidal activity, long duration, not easy to decompose, and safe to crops.
② Fluroxazone
Flurofloxacin can effectively control chickweed, ivy, viola and viola in winter wheat and winter rye fields, amaranthus retrograde, purslane and nightshade in cotton fields, and pigweed, nightshade and Persian water bitter in potato fields. vegetables, and many weeds in sunflower fields.
6. Amide herbicides
① Flufenacet
Flufenacet is an aryloxyacetamide compound and has a similar weed control spectrum to chloroacetamide herbicides. It mainly works by inhibiting cell division. It can widely control annual grass weeds, sedges and some small broadleaf weeds. Flufenacet is mainly used for soil treatment, and can be used both before and after emergence, and is safe for crops and the environment. It is suitable for controlling major weeds in corn, soybean, cotton, rice and other crops.
7. ACCase herbicides
① Trimethylbenzotrione
Also known as Oxitrione, it is a new post-emergent selective grass weed herbicide of the cyclohexenone class, and is an acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor. After spraying, the drug is absorbed through the stems and leaves of the weeds, and can be transmitted to the meristems, inhibiting the biosynthesis of fatty acids and destroying cell division. The affected weeds will first lose their chlorosis, and then change color and die. Generally, the plants will die completely 3-4 weeks after application. It is mainly used in wheat and barley fields to control wild oats, brome, sedge, hard grass, bluegrass, clotgrass, multi-flowered ryegrass, ryegrass, Japanese ryegrass and other gramineous weeds.
8. Other categories
① Pyrazole sulfonyl
Pyrazole sulfonyl belongs to the class of benzoylpyrazoles and is an HPPD inhibitor. Inhibition of HPPD indirectly inhibits carotenoid biosynthesis, resulting in albinism of plant meristems and eventually death. The herbicide has broad-spectrum herbicidal activity and can be used both before and after emergence. Due to the long-term use of sulfonylurea herbicides to control broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields, many resistant broad-leaved weeds have emerged, and have become dominant species in some areas. The emergence of this product will be able to well solve the problem of resistant weeds in wheat fields. The main control targets include chickweed, quinoa, black nightshade, amaranth, velvetleaf, spontaneous rape, tartary buckwheat and other broad-leaved weeds.
② Pyrazazole sulfone
Dipyrazofen is a new broad-spectrum, highly active pre-emergent soil treatment agent, which belongs to the isoxazole herbicides. Its mechanism of action is similar to that of acetochlor and its related herbicides. However, it can be applied to a wide variety of crops, and its biological activity is much higher than that of acetochlor and metolachlor, and the dosage per unit area is 8 to 10 times lower than that of acetochlor and other chlorinated acetamide herbicides. Metraxazone sulfone has attracted more and more attention due to its excellent characteristics such as broad herbicidal spectrum, low dosage, high activity and good safety.
③ Phosphate chloride
Chlorophosphin is a systemic, fast-acting herbicide with selective stem and leaf treatment. It is safe for grass crops and has excellent control effect on broadleaf weeds. It also controls sedge and fern weeds. Chlorofosinate is safe for wheat, with no drift or resistance.
