What is the flowering needle period
The period from flowering to chicken-head-shaped young fruit is the flowering and needle-setting period, which is a critical period for peanut production. It usually refers to the period from when more than 50% of the plants bloom to about 50% of the plants appear chicken head-shaped young fruit.
During this period, vegetative growth and reproductive growth go hand in hand, a large number of peanut plants bloom and needle, and the vegetative body grows rapidly. The plots with good water and fertilizer conditions are prone to excessive growth of peanut plants, which is characterized by excessive growth of stems and leaves on the ground, which affects the transfer of nutrients to reproductive growth, resulting in less needles, less pods and no concentration, peanut seeds are small, not full, empty pods, There are many pods, which will affect the yield and quality of peanuts.
Flowering and needle management plan
The main direction of the peanut flowering and needle stage is to promote the growth of stems and leaves without flourishing, to coordinate the balance of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and to promote the reasonable distribution of organic nutrients in the plant. Furthermore, it achieves many flowers, all flowers, many fruit needles, short distance into the soil, early time to enter the soil, early formation of chicken-headed young fruits and many, laying the foundation for pod formation and full fruit. The specific management strategies are as follows:
(1) Cultivation and soil cultivation
Timely cultivation of peanuts can thicken the soil layer, shorten the distance of the needles into the soil, enable the needles to enter the soil and bear fruit early, and create a loose and ventilated soil layer for the development of pods.
(2) Reasonable topdressing
During this period, the nutrient requirements of peanuts increased significantly. In this period, topdressing should not only ensure sufficient nutrient supply for peanuts, but also prevent the plants from growing too vigorously.
(3) Rational irrigation
The flowering and needle stage is the period when peanuts need the most water in their life, and it is also the critical period of peanut water demand. The water demand accounts for half of the total water demand in the whole growth period. The suitable water content of the soil in this period is 60% of the maximum soil water holding capacity. 70%, so that the peanuts have more flowering, better pollination and fertilization, less disease, and a higher rate of needle formation.
(4) Promoting downward control and increasing production
In medium and high-yield fields, the plants tend to grow leggy during the flowering and needle stage. Timely and reasonable chemical control can prevent excessive growth and lodging of peanuts, and promote nutrient transfer, which is very effective in increasing peanut production. The rationalization control needs to pay attention to the following points:
① Use time: Generally, when the peanut plant height reaches 30-40 cm, it is used for the first time when the field starts to seal the ridge, and the time is about the first ten days of July; according to the rainwater and plant growth conditions, when the plant grows seriously, the plant height is 40 cm. When it is -50 cm, use it again as appropriate.
② Pay attention to the concentration used and avoid excessive dosage at one time.
③ Spraying is recommended to be carried out after 4 p.m. to avoid high temperature application at noon. If it rains within 6 hours, it should be re-sprayed.
④ When spraying, focus on the top growth point of peanuts, and do not spray again after spraying.
(5) Do a good job in pest control
During this period, the main diseases of peanuts were brown spot, black spot, rust and other leaf diseases. Insect pests include: cotton bollworm, aphids, thrips, mirid bugs, red spiders and other pests that harm leaves, grubs, dayworms and other underground pests that harm peanuts. The above diseases and insect pests must be controlled in a timely manner, and reasonable control methods and pesticides must be selected for classified and comprehensive control.
