Mechanism of plant growth regulators
Plant growth regulators are the products of the comprehensive development of organic synthesis, trace analysis, plant physiology and biochemistry, and modern agriculture, forestry and horticultural cultivation. In the 1920s and 1930s, it was found that trace amounts of natural plant hormones such as ethylene, 3-indoleacetic acid and gibberellin exist in plants, which have the effect of controlling growth and development. In the 1940s, the research on artificially synthesized analogs began, and 2,4-D, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6), chlorfenuron, sodium nitrophenolate, α-naphthalene acetic acid, and Yiyadan were successively developed. Promote the use and form a category of pesticides. Over the past 30 years, more and more plant growth regulators have been synthesized, but due to the complex application technology, their development is not as fast as insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, and the application scale is also small. However, from the perspective of the needs of agricultural modernization, plant growth regulators have great potential for development, and there has been an accelerated development trend in the 1980s. China has been producing and applying plant growth regulators since the 1950s.
For target plants, plant growth regulators are exogenous non-nutritive chemicals, which can usually be conducted to the action site in the plant, and can promote or inhibit some aspects of its life process at a very low concentration, making it To meet the needs of human development. Each plant growth regulator has a specific purpose, and the application technology is quite strict, and only under specific application conditions (including external factors) can it produce specific effects on the target plants. Often changing the concentration will give the opposite result, for example a facilitative effect at a low concentration becomes an inhibitory effect at a high concentration. Plant growth regulators have many uses, which vary by species and target plant. For example: control germination and dormancy; promote rooting; promote cell elongation and division; control lateral buds or tillers; ; Control fruit shape or maturity; Enhance stress resistance (disease resistance, drought resistance, salt resistance, frost resistance); Enhance fertilizer absorption capacity; Increase sugar or change acidity; Improve aroma and color; Promote latex or resin secretion; Defoliation Or reminders (for mechanical harvesting); preservation, etc. Some plant growth regulators become herbicides when used in high concentrations, while some herbicides also have growth regulating effects at low concentrations.
